Liberalism and the Habsburg Monarchy, 1861–1895 Kwan, Jonathan. author.

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: Press Policy and the Early Neoabsolutist State: The Melding of Absolutism and Liberalism -- Chapter 5

exclusionary policies and their links to the rise of nationalism, liberalism, and the modern bureaucratic state.

A fundamental question for IR is whether the value system of liberalism can be universalized, or if